３８ Brain【Intelligence】Dialogue
with the Universe
３８－１ For the growth of brain
○Unnecessary connections of nerve cells in the
human brain is removed rapidly when it comes to 11-year-old. Then, the signal
is transmitted earlier by nerve becomes thick (development of myelin sheath),
so that the brain becomes possible to perform processing efficiently.
○Myelination of the prefrontal cortex
continues actively until about 25 years old.
○Brain can change by training. = It is possible to change your
character.
This is the method.
1. Positive thinking = Shake
off the negative thoughts.
2. Do it positive.
3. Control your life.
4. Continue it easy.・・・Because it’s not easy.
【Reference】Elaine Fox
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-dIiOugUJE
○Features of the brain is learning and
creativity.
☆The brain is the growing
connectome!
...
The brain is not only the fact that the most advanced structures in the
universe, even it grow!
A connectome[1] [2] is a
comprehensive map of neural
connections in the brain,
and may be thought of as its "wiring diagram". More broadly, a
connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.
The production and study
of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a
detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within
part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description
of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas
and subcortical structures. The term
"connectome" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map,
and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.
☆Comparable to the brain is
growing artificial intelligence（ＧＡＩ）.
☆
Growing artificial intelligence（ＧＡＩ） is a complex of
brain and artificial intelligence.
☆Because the brain is the most
advanced structures in the universe.
☆ One human role is to pump GAI
into the universe！
３８－２ Features of the brain
○Features of the brain is
learning and creativity.
○In the cerebral cortex, there
are functions of Bayesian network, Self-organizing map, Independent component
analysis, Reinforcement learning. [3]
※Bayesian network：It is a technique for
making inferences based on probabilistic efficiently. And it acts similar to intuition, which is one of the functions of the
brain. It is a technology that is
the key to understanding of information processing principles of the brain. [3]
・It has based on Bayes' theorem, which was discovered in
1763 by British pastor Thomas Bayes (1702 (?) - 1761).
※Self-organizing map：It is a neural network algorithm of unsupervised proposed
by T. Kohonen.
※Independent component analysis：It is a calculation method for separating a signal of
multivariate into additive components. A typical application is the sound source separation to extract the
voice of a specific person from a plurality of human conversation, which was
recorded in a room.
※Reinforcement learning：It is learning to adapt to the environment through trial
and error.
３８－３ Situation of brain science
research
○BRAIN initiative [4]
The BRAIN
Initiative (Brain Research
through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies, also referred to as the Brain Activity Map Project) is
a proposed collaborative research initiative announced by the Obama administration on April 2, 2013, with the goal of mapping the activity of
every neuron in the human brain. Based upon the Human Genome Project, the initiative has been projected to cost more than $300
million per year for ten years.
○Human Brain Project [5]
The Human
Brain Project is a large
10-year scientific research project, established in 2013, coordinated by Henry Markram (École
polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne) and largely funded by theEuropean Union, which aims to provide a collaborative informatics
infrastructure and first draft rodent and human whole brain models within its
10 year funding period.The project is based inGeneva, Switzerland and was initiated by Markram.
３８－４ Immunity and Memory【Intelligence】Dialogue with the
Universe
○Immunity：To escape disease with aware of the pathogens
and cancer cells in vivo.
Plague (disease) by
infection with pathogenic bacteria can be resistant, and we can be difficult to
disease.
○ There is two type of
immunity, the innate immunity of almost all organisms and the adaptive immunity
of vertebrate.
○Innate immunity that leukocytes (phagocytes) eat pathogens are
innately equipped.
→ The innate immune
system can not function adequately against new viruses.
○The adaptive immunity：lymphocytes(specific leukocytes) produce
acquired antibodies against viral and other pathogens (antigens) to suppress
the activity of the virus.
○In lymphocyte balls, the information for production of antibodies (proteins)
does "memory" into DNA. This is called immunological memory.
○Dr. Susumu Tonegawa won the Nobel Prize in this immunization
research field (elucidation of the hereditary principle of antibody generation)
in 1987.
○Immunological memory and cerebral memory work by the same structure,
and both of immunological systems (lymphatic system) and nervous systems are
everywhere spread in the whole body.
【References】
[1] Wikipedia：Connectome
[2] TED／Sebastian Seung: I am my connectome
[4] BRAIN initiative
[5] Human Brain Project
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