８６ The History of the Earth【Past and Future】Dialogue with the Universe

８６　The History of the Earth【Past and Future】Dialogue with the Universe

13.7 billion years ago Big Bang
13.5 billion years ago Birth of stars
4.6 billion years ago　　　Earth's formation (primitive atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium).
4.3-4.0 billion years ago 　Ocean was born 
3.8 billion years ago Birth of unicellular organisms 
2.4～2.1 billion years ago The oldest ice age. （Huronian glaciation）
750～700 million years ago Sturtian glaciations
640 million years ago Marinoan glaciation・・・Snowball Earth
600 million years ago Birth and explosion of multicellular organisms（the Cambrian）
460～430 million years ago Little ice age(Andean-Saharan glaciation)
400 million years ago Plants advanced the land from the sea.
360 million years ago Animal’s landing 
360 ～260 million years ago Expansion period of glacier( Karoo Ice Age）
300 million years ago 　　Increase of insects (cockroaches = living fossil)
Emergence of reptiles
250 million years ago Mass extinction of lives (Permian)
Emergence of dinosaurs
225 million years ago　　 Emergence of mammals 
220 million years ago 　　Mass extinction of lives
150 million years ago 　　Emergence of archaeopteryx 
140 million years ago 　　Division of Australian continent
100 million years ago 　Golden age of dinosaurs (The average temperature was about 23℃. Temperature of current average is 15℃.)
65 million years ago A mass extinction of organisms= Extinction of dinosaurs(Collision of comet(about 10km diameter))
Emergence of primates(Ability to synthesize vitamin C is lost)
40 million years ago Last ice age
25 million years ago The oldest fossil that seems to be apes
10 million ～5 million years ago The formation of the Great Rift Valley in Africa began.
about 6 million ～ 5 million years ago The differentiation of Humans and chimpanzees
about 2.5 million ～ 1.8 million years ago　　Start of Stone tools
1.7 million years ago　　Human beings born
About 0.5 million years ago　　Peking man
About 230,000 years ago 　　 Emergence of Neanderthals ・・・Use of stone tools
About 200,000 ～190,000 years ago 　Emergence of Homo sapiens (present people)
160,000 ± 40,000 years ago 　 Mitochondrial Eve in Africa
(150 000 years ago 　 polar bear and brown bear was divided)
About 100,000 years ago Modern humans (Homo sapiens) were spread out of the Africa.
About 30,000 years ago 　 Extinction of Neanderthal 
About 30,000 ～ 20,000 years ago Mongoloid passed to the Americas.
About 14,000 ～10,000 years ago Humanity tamed the dog.
About 13 000 years ago 　Japanese archipelago became the island.
10,000 years ago 　　　　 The end of the last ice age 
20th century　　The development of science and technology, the explosive growth of population, globalization, world war, environmental destruction and resource depletion concerns
The 21st century 　　Development and commercialization of new energy. Development of IT, biotechnology and nanotechnology. Multi-polar world.