３２ Mathematics

３２　Mathematics【What is the Universe？】Dialogue with the Universe

Mathematics is the alphabet with which God has written the Universe. -Galileo Galilei （1564 - 1642）

○Key word：Symmetry [1]

※Forecast of mathematics：Ｔhose that do not can still prove.

（It is well in the world of mathematics.）

【Mathematical history】

About 7000 years ago 　Number was born. (Mankind began to group living.)

16th century    Imaginary number is accepted.

・・・"Forgetting the mental anguish received with imaginary number, and merely introducing this." Gerolamo Cardano（Italy 1501～1576）

17th century　　Minus is accepted in Europe.

・・・Descartes draws a number line. 　　René Descartes（France 1596～1650）

The first half of the 19th century　　An imaginary number is denoted by an axis of coordinates.：complex plane　　Carolus Fridericus Gauss（Germany 1777～1855）

1935　　Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem

・・・Then, Turing(Aan Mathison Turing, UK 1912-1954) proved that there is no unific method of confirming beforehand whether a certain proposition is a proposition which cannot judge truth.

1964　　Murray Gell-Mann (1929-)predicted the existence of quarks by the theory　of　pure mathematics(the group:SU (3)).

【References】

[1] Edward Vladimirovich Frenkel(1968-)

http://www.nhk.or.jp/hakunetsu/math/