４１ The History of Artificial Intelligence【Intelligence】Dialogue with the Universe
○The history of Artificial
intelligence ( ) is quantum bit.
1763 Thomas Bayes discovered Bayes' theorem.
1956 John McCarthy was named artificial
intelligence.
1980 Paul
Benioff showed that calculation can be performed without energy in the quantum
system.
1984 Movie
"Terminator" published.
1989 Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web.
Roger Penrose"
The Emperor's New Mind " published
Deutsch
devised a quantum circuit.
1997 Chess dedicated computer, Deep Blue won Garry
Kimovich Kasparov.
※ Kasparov continued to
hold the world champion title of chess for 15 years .
1998 QCL
(Quantum Computation Language) was published.
2005 Ray Kurzweil wrote about the technical
singularity in『The Singularity Is Near: When Humans
Transcend Biology』.
2011 (128) D-Wave Systems, Inc.
(Canada) was successful in the construction of a quantum computer
"D-Wave".(Approximately $ 10 million)
2013 (512) NASA ,Google and the
University Space Research Association (USRA) established Quantum Artificial
Intelligence Lab using D-Wave 2.
2015 (1000) D-Wave Systems announced a new type of
quantum computer "D-Wave 2X".
2015 Google's artificial intelligence Alphago won
the professional players in the game of go.
2016 And Alphago won the former world champion. [1]
【Refernce】
[1] Pattern of the game
・Chess：10^120
・Japanese chess：10^220
・Go：≧10^360
※In chess, there is a
choice of 35 different ways on average in any aspect. In go, there is a choice of 250 different ways. The choices are greater than atoms in the
universe
http://www.wired.com/2016/01/in-a-huge-breakthrough-googles-ai-beats-a-top-player-at-the-game-of-go/
○Go・・・Difficulties on programing
1.
Branching coefficient ...Since the number of combination increases suddenly, AI
can not search deeply.
2.
There was no good way to recognize the complex face of a board. ... Too much heuristics.
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