２５ Higgs field and Higgs Boson【What is the Universe？】Dialogue with the Universe
２５－１ Higgs field and mass
○In Higgs field, particles(except
photon, require energy of mc ^ 2 additionally. [2] So they now cannot travel at the speed of light. [1]
※If the energy of the interaction
between certain particle and Higgs field is strong, the mass of the particle
increases. (It will require significant
energy to move the particle) [2]
○Higgs field condensed by the
time the temperature of the universe fell, then mass and the Higgs boson
appeared. [3]
：The birth of mass（ After
10^-9 second The temperature of the universe 10^13K）
※If the Higgs field
did not exist, particles would not have the mass required to attract one
another, and would float around freely at light speed. [1]
○However, Higgs field is the original of 2% of mass. [4]
※Most of the mass of protons and neutrons is the kinetic
energy of elemental particles (quark, antiquark, gluons). [5]
※Energy also has mass according to the principle of
mass–energy equivalence.
○There are two types of mass. [6]
1) Difficulty of acceleration → inertial mass ··· by Higgs field
2) Degree of weight due to gravitation → gravitational mass
··· by gravitational field
1) and 2) are equivalent.
※The equality of inertial and active gravitational mass
remains as puzzling as ever.
２５－２ Higgs boson
○Higgs boson is the vibration of the Higgs field. : Higgs
boson appears when you excite the Higgs field.
・Spin, Electric charge：0 [4]
・Mass：125.3 GeV [4]
<img
src="http://image.space.rakuten.co.jp/d/strg/ctrl/9/cc730122b57178a4433b03b1a7ea5cfb55f99796.50.2.9.2.png"
alt="標準モデル－１.png"
border="0">
※The Standard Model of elementary particles (more schematic depiction), with the three generations of matter, gauge bosons in the fourth column, and the Higgs boson in the fifth.
- Own work by uploader, PBS NOVA, Fermilab, Office of Science, United States Department of
Energy, Particle
Data Group
[7]
※ Graviton does not enter into the standard model. Gravity
can not be described well with the Standard Model.
○July 04, 2012, Conseil Europeenne pour la Reaherche Nucleaire (CERN,
in Switzerland)announced that they discovered a new particle which they could
believe it as Higgs boson.
[1]
【References】
1. Wikipedia：Higgs field
2. ヒッグス粒子と質量の謎（ヒッグス粒子は何をするのか）
3. 島根大学集中講義 真空の性質2009
4.
Wikipedia：Higgs boson
6.
Wikipedia：mass
7.
Wikipedia：Standard Model
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