2016年7月8日金曜日

84 The History of the Earth

84 The History of the EarthPast and FutureDialogue with the Universe

13.7 billion years ago   Big Bang
13.5 billion years ago   Birth of stars and Milky Way galaxy [1]
4.6 billion years ago  Formation of The Solar system and Earth (primitive atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium).
4.3-4.0 billion years ago  Ocean was born
3.8 billion years ago      Birth of unicellular organisms
2.42.1 billion years ago  The oldest ice age. Huronian glaciation
750700 million years ago  Sturtian glaciations
640 million years ago     Marinoan glaciation・・・Snowball Earth
600 million years ago     Birth and explosion of multicellular organismsthe Cambrian
500 million years ago  Creature won the brain.
460430 million years ago  Little ice age(Andean-Saharan glaciation)
400 million years ago     Plants advanced the land from the sea.
360 million years ago     Animal’s landing
360 260 million years ago  Expansion period of glacier( Karoo Ice Age
300 million years ago   Increase of insects (cockroaches = living fossil)
Emergence of reptiles
250 million years ago     Mass extinction of lives (Permian)
Emergence of dinosaurs
225 million years ago   Emergence of mammals
220 million years ago   Mass extinction of lives
150 million years ago   Emergence of archaeopteryx
140 million years ago   Division of Australian continent
100 million years ago   Golden age of dinosaurs (The average temperature was about 23. Temperature of current average is 15.)
65 million years ago  A mass extinction of organisms= Extinction of dinosaurs(Collision of comet(about 10km diameter))
Emergence of primates(Ability to synthesize vitamin C is lost)
40 million years ago   Last ice age
25 million years ago    The oldest fossil that seems to be apes
10 million 5 million years ago    The formation of the Great Rift Valley in Africa began.
about 6 million 5 million years ago   The differentiation of Humans and chimpanzees
about 2.5 million 1.8 million years ago  Start of Stone tools
1.7 million years ago  Human beings born
0.5 million years ago  Peking man
230,000 years ago    Emergence of Neanderthals ・・・Use of stone tools
200,000 190,000 years ago   Emergence of Homo sapiens (present people)
160,000 ± 40,000 years ago   Mitochondrial Eve in Africa
(150 000 years ago   polar bear and brown bear was divided)
100,000 years ago    Modern humans (Homo sapiens) were spread out of the Africa.
 (It was lower about 5-8 degrees in average temperature than the currentThe difference between the annual average temperature in Tokyo and Sapporo. Sea level was 120m lower than now. )
70,000 years ago  The last ice age
10,000 years ago   The end of the last ice age
30,000 years ago   Extinction of Neanderthal
30,000 20,000 years ago    Mongoloid passed to the Americas.
14,000 10,000 years ago    Humanity tamed the dog.
13 000 years ago   Japanese archipelago became the island.
10,000 years ago      The end of the last ice age
20th century  Development of science and technology, the explosive growth of population, globalization, world war, environmental destruction and resource depletion concerns
The 21st century    Nuclear fusion power generation. Development of Artificial intelligence, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology. Multi-polar world.

References

1. WikipediaMilky Way

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